Which amendment states that powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states?

The Tenth Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights and explicitly addresses the distribution of power between the federal government and the states. It asserts that any powers that are not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. This amendment was introduced to ensure a clear distinction between federal and state authority, reflecting the Founding Fathers' intent to limit the reach of federal power and protect the autonomy of the states.

In the context of the broader constitutional framework, the Tenth Amendment serves as a foundational principle that upholds states' rights and individual liberties, making it a critical element in the understanding of American federalism.