What key concept does the prison reform movement focus on?

The prison reform movement primarily focuses on the idea of rehabilitating prisoners for reintegration into society. During the 19th century, advocates of prison reform began to challenge the prevailing punitive approaches to incarceration, arguing that prisons should not simply serve as places of punishment but should instead aim to transform and rehabilitate offenders. This perspective emphasized the potential for individuals to change and reintegrate into society successfully after serving their time, reflecting a shift in societal attitudes towards crime and punishment.

The movement led to changes in prison conditions, the introduction of educational programs, vocational training, and mental health support, all designed to help inmates develop the skills and stability needed to avoid reoffending upon release. By focusing on rehabilitation, reformers believed they could reduce recidivism rates and ultimately create a safer and more just society.